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Wednesday, 18 March 2015

Indian Employment Scenario

Organized sector employment size estimated through the Employment Market Information Pro-gramme of DGE&T, Ministry of Labor. The capacity absorb to additional accretion to the labor force, taking into current accent on automation and modernization is limited.

The employment and unemployment scenario as per this approach depict the following table.

Fig 1.1 – Estimation of population, labor force, jobs and unemployment (in million)

Fig 1.1

Growth of labor force, jobs and unemployment during 1983-2000 observed were as under:

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Fig 1.2 – Growth of population, workforce, employment and unemployment

Fig 1.2

Dr S.P Gupta headed by Special Group has adopted Current Daily Status Approach and project employment, unemployment and workforce. According to this approach, the unemployment during 1999-2000 was of the order of 27 million. The number of persons who could have got full employment with the work available in the economy estimated as employment as per this approach. The difference between labor force and employed gives estimates of unemployment.

Salient points on employment and unemployment scenario are:

=> The rate of growth of employment declined sharply from 2.04% per year in the period 1983-84 to only 0.98% per year in the period 1994 to 2000.

=> There was a sharp deceleration in the growth of the labor force from 2.05% in the period 1983-94 to only 1.03% in the period 1994-2000.

=> The Employment growth rate of is less than the growth rate of the labor force indicating an increase in the unemployment is only 2.23% (9 million). The percentage of the population below the poverty line is as high as 26.1%. The fact of being employed is, of course, no guarantee of escaping from poverty, which in our situation refers to a very basic level of subsistence.

=> Percentage of population below the poverty line which was of the order of 36%. In 1993-94, has come down to 26.1% indicating the during period 1994-2000 improvement in the income level of the employee had taken place.

=> Organized sector employment is not growing, and its share is only 7% of the total employment.

=> There was a decline in self-employment whereas regular salaried and casual employment showed an increasing trend during 1993-1994 to 1999-2000.

=> There was the substantial increase in the average daily wage earnings in the rural areas.

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